b. Non-Layered System Families

Definition: Essential elements that do not consist of multiple layers but are crucial for the building’s functionality.

Examples of Non-Layered System Families:

• Stairs

  • Components: Treads, risers, landings.

• Ramps

  • Description: Inclined surfaces for accessibility.

• Railings

  • Description: Safety barriers along stairs and platforms.

• Structural Elements

  • Description: Beams, columns, footings.

• MEP Elements (Pipes, Ducts)

  • Description: Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing components.